Chemical Formula: (NH2)2CO
Urea fertilizer is the most important nitrogenous fertilizer and is identified as an organic compound to be artificially synthesized through chemical processes and that too with the help of inorganic compounds. Urea is a soluble compound and easily gets along with water.
Most fertilizers provide three primary nutrients: NPK. Nitrogen initiates vegetative growth. Phosphorous improves roots and flowering. Potassium can strengthen resistance to shock such as extremes in temperature or insect attack. Urea is one concentrated source of available nitrogen. Actually it contains 46% nitrogen (N), zero phosphorus, and zero potassium.

Physical Form:
Urea is a white crystalline solid organic chemical compound. It is a waste product formed naturally by metabolizing protein in humans as well as other mammals, amphibians and some fish.
Urea is available as Prills or as a granulated fertilizer. The Prills form a smaller and softer substance and Granules are larger, harder. Granules are crystalline white and are highly resistant to moisture and thus facilitate long time storage as well

• Urea is widely used in the agriculture sector both as a fertilizer and animal feed additive (feed supplement) as well as a starting material for the manufacture of plastics and drugs.
• The main function of urea fertilizer is to provide the plants with nitrogen to promote green leafy growth. It can make the plants look lush, and it’s necessary for the photosynthesis of plants. Urea fertilizer can provide only nitrogen, no phosphorus or potassium, so it’s primarily used for bloom growth and vertical height may not be desired.
• to be used in combination with earth or sand before its application, since urea is highly concentrated.
• to be applied at the time of sowing. It should not come in contact with the seeds. It also can be applied as a top dressing. It is neutral and can adapt to almost all the land.
• to be applied when the soil contains free water or is likely to remain wet for three or four days after application.
• Urea is readily blended with most of the fertilizers including Mono-ammonium phosphate (11-52-0) or Di-ammonium phosphate (18-46-0). When blended together, these are easily spread uniformly across the cultivated land. But, urea must not be mixed with any superphosphate unless applied immediately after blending, because urea reacts with superphosphate liberating water molecules. This will produce a damp material that is hard to store and apply.